New Sudan
New Sudan (Arabic: السُّودَانُ الْجَدِيدُ, romanized: Āl-Südān(u) āl-Jadīd(u)) is a concept proposed by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement Sudan People's Liberation Movement–Northand its constituent paramilitary forces during the Second Sudanese Civil War. The original SPLM Manifesto outlined New Sudan as a proposed united and secular Sudanese state.[1] The vision of 'New Sudan' was developed by John Garang, who advocated the 'New Sudan' as a democratic and pluralistic state.[2][3]
The 1994 National Convention of New Sudan (organized by SPLA/M) redefined 'New Sudan' as a system of governance for the regions under SPLM control.[1] After John Garang's death in 2005 and the independence of South Sudan in 2011, and the resulting decreased ethnic plurality, the New Sudan discourse became a less prominent feature in Sudanese politics.[2]
Reinterpretation by the SPLM-North
[edit]During the course of the ongoing Sudanese civil war, and as a result of its political divisiveness, the concept of New Sudan has become a substantial and significant element of the political philosophy of the SPLM-North, a reconstituted faction of the SPLM. The SPLM-North uses 'New Sudan' to describe the territory actively under their control, which differs from its older usage as a conceptual aspira.[4]
Territory
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In June 2024 Nicholas Casey of the New York Times was allowed in the Nuba Mountains stronghold of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-North led by Abdel Aziz al-Hilu (SPLM-N (al-Hilu)). Casey reported that the civil war between the SAF and RSF had distracted the SAF from attacking the SPLM-N (al-Hilu) and allowed the SPLM-N to go on the offensive, capturing territory "at a steady pace". It calls the territory it controls "New Sudan". Its capital is Kauda, a farming town, where the rebel government issues driver’s licenses and birth certificates, and has a court system made up of volunteer judges, "deciding everything from dowry disputes to murder cases", and schools teaching in English. Concerns of the group are hundreds of thousands of displaced people pouring in to its territory from other parts of Sudan, a devastating drought, famine, that have led to the eating of leaves from bushes, and in some cases starvation and government airstrikes.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Guarak, Mawut Achiecque Mach. Integration and Fragmentation of the Sudan: An African Renaissance. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2011. p. 383
- ^ a b Amir Ahmad Nasr. Reviving the 'New Sudan' vision
- ^ Ufheil-Somers, Amanda (1999-09-24). "What's New in the New Sudan?". MERIP. Retrieved 2025-03-28.
- ^ Casey, Nicholas; Saman, Moises (2024-08-08). "Inside the Mountain Stronghold of an Elusive Rebel Movement". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-03-28.
- ^ Casey, Nicholas; Saman, Moises (2024-08-08). "Inside the Mountain Stronghold of an Elusive Rebel Movement". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-04-11.
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